Wikipedia

Støddarstig (øki)

(Skal týðast til føroyskt, verður upprættað her, tí at ein fyrimynd nýtir henda mátan at meta um stødd á einum øki.) This page is a progressive and labelled list of the SI vídd orders of magnitude, with certain examples appended to some list objects.

Eitt øki á ein ferkilometur hevur 100 hektarar, ið hvør hevur 10 000 fermetrar.
List of orders of magnitude for area
Factor (m2) Multiple Value Item
10−70   2.6×10−70 m2 Planck area, [1]
10−52   10−52 m2 1 shed[2]
...
10−30 1 square femtometre (fm2)  1 fm2  
10−28   100 fm2 1 barn, roughly the cross-sectional area of an uranium nucleus[3]
10−24 1 square picometre (pm2)  100 pm2  
10−20 1 square angstrom (Å2)  10,000 pm2  
10−19 100,000 pm2 Area of a lipid bilayer, per molecule[4]
75-260,000 pm2 Surface area of the 20 standard amino acids[5]
10−18 1 square nanometre (nm2)  1 nm2  
10−16 100 nm2 Globular proteins: solvent-accessible surface area of a typical globular protein, having a typical molecular mass of ~35000 u (quite variable)[6]
10−14 17,000 nm2 Cross-sectional area of a nuclear pore complex in vertebrates[7]
10−12 1 square micrometre (μm2) 6 μm2 Surface area of an E. coli bacterium[8]
10−10   100 μm2 Surface area of a red blood cell[9]
10−9   6,000 μm2 - 110,000 μm2 Range of common LCD screen pixel sizes[10]
  7,000 μm2 Area of a dot printed using 300 dots per inch resolution[11]
  8,000 μm2 Cross-sectional area of a straight human hair that is 100 um[12] in diameter[13]
List of orders of magnitude for areas 10−8 to 10−1 square metres
Factor (m2) Multiple Value Item
10−8   55,000 μm2 Size of a pixel on a typical modern computer display
10−7   2-400,000 μm2 Cross-sectional area of a mechanical pencil lead (0.5-0.7 mm in diameter)[14]
10−6 1 square millimetre (mm2) 1–2 mm2 Area of a human fovea[15]
2 mm2 Area of the head of a pin
10−5   30–50 mm2 Area of a 6–8 mm hole punched in a piece of paper by a hole punch[16]
10−4 1 square centimetre (cm2) 290 mm2 Area of one side of a U.S. penny[17][18]
500 mm2 Area of a typical postage stamp
10−3   1,100 mm2 Area of a human retina[19]
4,600 mm2 Area of the face of a credit card[20]
4,800 mm2 Largest side of a cigarette box
10−2 1 square decimetre (dm2) 10,000 mm2 Index card (3 × 5 inches)[21]
60,000 mm2 American letter paper (11 × 8.5 inches, "A" size)
62,370 mm2 International A4 paper (210 × 297 mm)
93,000 mm2 1 square foot[22]
10−1   125,000 mm2 International A3 paper (297 × 420 mm)
180,000 mm2 Surface area of a basketball (diameter 24 cm)[23][24]
250,000 mm2 International A2 paper (420 × 594 mm)
500,000 mm2 International A1 paper (594 × 841 mm)
List of orders of magnitude for areas 100 to 107 square metres.
Factor (m2) Multiple Value Item
100 1 square metre 1 m2 International A0 paper (841 × 1189 mm)
1.73 m2 A number commonly used as the average body surface area of a human[25]
2–4 m2 Area of the top of an office desk
101   10–20 m2 A parking space
70 m2 Approximate surface area of a human lung[26]
102 1 square decametre (dam2) 100 m2 One are (a)
162 m2 Size of a volleyball court (18 × 9 metres)[27]
202 m2 Floor area of a median suburban three-bedroom house in the US in 2010: 2.169 sq ft (201,5 m2)[28]
261 m2 Size of a tennis court[29]
103   1,000 m2 Surface area of a Greek Stremma
1,250 m2 Surface area of the water in an Olympic-size swimming pool[30]
4,047 m2 1 acre[31]
5,400 m2 Size of an American football field[32][33]
7,140 m2 Size of a typical football (soccer) field[34][35]
104 1 square hectometre (hm2) 10,000 m2 1 hectare (ha)[36]
17,000 m2 Approximate area of a cricket field (theoretical limits: 6,402 m2 to 21,273 m2)[37]
22,074 m2 Area of a Manhattan city block
53,000 m2 Base of the Great Pyramid of Giza[38][39]
105   190,000 m2 Irish National Botanic Gardens[tørvar keldu]
440,000 m2 Vatican City[40]
600,000 m2 Total floor area of the Pentagon[41]
106 1 square kilometre (km2) 2 km2 Monaco (country ranked 192nd by area)[42]
2.59 km2 1 square mile[43]
2.9 km2 City of London (not all of modern London)[44]
107   59.5 km2 Manhattan Island (land area)[45]
61 km2 San Marino[46]
Factor (m2) Multiple Value Item
108   105 km2 Paris (inner city only)[47]
110 km2 Walt Disney World[48]
272 km2 Taipei City[49]
630 km2 Toronto[50]
109   1100 km2 Hong Kong[51]
1290 km2 Los Angeles, California, USA (city)[52]
1800 km2 Surface area of a typical neutron star[tørvar keldu]
1962 km2 Jacksonville, Florida; largest city in the Continental US[tørvar keldu]
2188 km2 Tokyo[53]
5700 km2 Bali[tørvar keldu]
8028 km2 Community of Madrid, Spain[tørvar keldu]
1010   11,000 km2 Jamaica[54]
68,870 km2 Lake Victoria[55]
84,000 km2 Austria[56]
1011   100,000 km2 South Korea[57]
167,996 km2 Jiuquan in China
300,000 km2 Italy[58]
357,000 km2 Germany[59]
377,900 km2 Japan[60]
510,000 km2 Spain[61]
780,000 km2 Turkey[62]
1012 1 square megametre (Mm2) 1.0 Mm2 Egypt (country ranked 29th by area)[63]
1.7 Mm2 The state of Alaska, the largest state in the United States
3.10 Mm2 Sakha (Yakutia) Republic in Russia (largest subnational governing body)[tørvar keldu]
7.74 Mm2 Australia (country ranked 6th by area)[64]
9 Mm2 Largest extent of the Roman Empire[tørvar keldu]
9.5 Mm2 China/ United States of America
1013   10 Mm2 Canada (including water)[65]
14 Mm2 Antarctica[66]
14 Mm2 Arable land worldwide[67]
17 Mm2 Russia (country ranked 1st by area)[68]
30 Mm2 Africa[69]
36 Mm2 Largest extent of the British Empire[tørvar keldu]
38 Mm2 Surface area of the Moon[70]
77 Mm2 Atlantic Ocean[71]
1014   144 Mm2 Surface area of Mars[72]
150 Mm2 Land area of Earth[73]
156 Mm2 Pacific Ocean[74]
360 Mm2 Water area of Earth[73]
510 Mm2 Total surface area of Earth[73]
List of orders of magnitude for areas 1015 to 1026 square metres.
Factor (m2) Multiple Value Item
1015   1,000 Mm2 Surface area of the white dwarf, Van Maanen's star
7,600 Mm2 Neptune[75]
1016   43,000 Mm2 Saturn[76]
61,000 Mm2 Jupiter,[77] the "surface" area of the spheroid (calculated from the mean radius as reported by NASA). The cross-sectional area of Jupiter, which is the same as the "circle" of Jupiter seen by an approaching spacecraft, is exactly one quarter the surface-area of the overall sphere, which in the case of Jupiter is approximately 1.535e+16 square meters.
1017   2-600,000 Mm2 Surface area of the brown dwarf star CT Chamaeleontis.
460,000 Mm2 Area swept by the Moon's orbit of Earth
1018 1 square gigametre (Gm2) 6.1 Gm2 Surface area of the Sun[78]
1019   30 Gm2 Surface area of the star Vega
1020    100 Gm2  
1021 1,000 Gm2
1022   11,000 Gm2 Area swept by Mercury's orbit around the Sun
37,000 Gm2 Area swept by Venus' orbit around the Sun
71,000 Gm2 Area swept by Earth's orbit around the Sun
1023   160,000 Gm2 Area swept by Mars' orbit around the Sun
281,000 Gm2 Surface area of a Dyson sphere with a radius of 1 AU
1024 1 square terametre (Tm2) 1.9 Tm2 Area swept by Jupiter's orbit around the Sun
6.4 Tm2 Area swept by Saturn's orbit around the Sun
8.5 Tm2 Surface area of the red supergiant star Betelgeuse
1025   24 Tm2 Surface area of the largest known star, the Hypergiant VY Canis Majoris
26 Tm2 Area swept by Uranus' orbit around the Sun
64 Tm2 Area swept by Neptune's orbit around the Sun
1026   110 Tm2 Area swept by Pluto's orbit around the Sun
List of orders of magnitude for areas 1027 square metres and larger.
Factor (m2) Multiple Value Item
1030 1 square Petametre (Pm2)
1031 10 Pm2
1032 200 Pm2 Roughly the surface area of an Oort Cloud
300 Pm2 Roughly the surface area of a Bok globule
1033 1,000 Pm2
1034 30,000 Pm2 Roughly the surface area of The Bubble
1035 100,000 Pm2
1036 1 square Exametre (Em2)
...
1041 700,000 Em2 Roughly the area of Milky Way's galactic disk
1042 1 square Zettametre (Zm²)
...
1048 1 square Yottometre (Ym²)

References

rætta
  1. ↑ Calculated: square of the Planck length = (1.62e-35 m)^2 = 2.6e-70 m^2
  2. ↑ Russ Rowlett (September 1, 2004). "Units: S". How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units/dictS.html. Heintað 2011-10-25. 
  3. ↑ "Other non-SI units". SI brochure. BIPM. http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter4/table8.html. Heintað 2011-10-25. 
  4. ↑ ""Rule of thumb" for the area per molecule in lipid bilayer". BioNumbers. http://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu/bionumber.aspx?s=n&id=101837. Heintað 2011-10-09. 
  5. ↑ "Individual Properties of the 20 Standard Amino Acids: Properties and Images". The Amino Acid Repository. Jena Library of Biological Macromolecules. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2011-09-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20110904020641/http://www.imb-jena.de/IMAGE_AA.html. Heintað 2011-10-10. 
  6. ↑ Empty citation (help) 
  7. ↑ "The Nuclear Pore Complex". UIUC Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group. http://www.ks.uiuc.edu/Research/npc/. Heintað 2011-10-14. 
  8. ↑ "E. coli Statistics". The CyberCell Database. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2011-10-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20111027220034/http://www.ccdb.ualberta.ca/CCDB/cgi-bin/STAT_NEW.cgi. Heintað 2011-09-11. 
  9. ↑ Marcelli, Gianluca; Parker, Kim H.; Winlove, C. Peter (2005). "Thermal Fluctuations of Red Blood Cell Membrane via a Constant-Area Particle-Dynamics Model". Biophysical Journal 89 (4): 2473–2480. Bibcode:2005BpJ....89.2473M. doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.056168. Retrieved 2011-09-27. 
  10. ↑ Calculated: Smallest and largest common pitches were 77 micrometers and 337 micrometers. (77e-6 m)^2 ~= 6e-9 m^2. (337e-6 m)^2 ~= 114e-9 m^2 ~= 110e-9 m^2
  11. ↑ Calculated: (300 dots per inch / 2.54e-2 m/inch)^(-2) = 7.2e-9 m^2
  12. ↑ "Hair Fiber Composition". http://www.keratin.com/aa/aa012.shtml#04. Heintað 2011-09-30. 
  13. ↑ Calculated: 100 μm in diameter => pi * ((1e-4 m)/2)**2 = 7.9e-9 m^2
  14. ↑ Calculated: pi * (0.5mm/2)^2 = 2.0e-7 m^2 and pi * (0.7mm/2)^2 = 3.8e-7 m^2)
  15. ↑ "Part XIII: Facts and Figures concerning the human retina". Webvision. University of Utah. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2011-10-11. https://web.archive.org/web/20111011004153/http://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/part-xiii-cellular-remodeling-in-mammalian-retina-induced-by-retinal-detachment/. Heintað 2011-09-28. 
  16. ↑ Calculated: ((6e-3 m)/2)**2 * pi = 2.8e-5 m^2 and ((8e-3 m)/2)**2 * pi = 5.0e-5 m^2
  17. ↑ "Coin specifications". United States Mint. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2015-02-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20150218061037/http://www.usmint.gov/about_the_mint/?action=coin_specifications. Heintað 2011-12-28. 
  18. ↑ Calculated: area = pi * diameter^2 / 4 = 3.14 * (19.05e-3 m)^2 = 2.850e-4 m^2
  19. ↑ Taylor, Enid; Jennings, Alan (1971). "Calculation of total retinal area". Brit. J. Ophthal. 55 (4): 262–5. PMC 1208280. PMID 5572268. Retrieved 2011-09-27. 
  20. ↑ "Credit Card Dimensions". http://www.dimensionsguide.com/credit-card-dimensions/. Heintað 2011-09-30. 
  21. ↑ Calculated: 3 inches * 5 inches * (2.54e-2 m/inch)^2 = 9.7e-3 m^2 ~= 0.01 m^2
  22. ↑ Calculated: 1 foot * 1 foot * (0.3048 meters / foot)^2 = 0.093 m^2
  23. ↑ "Rules of the Game". USA Basketball. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 27 October 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111027183121/http://www.usabasketball.com/rules/rules.html. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  24. ↑ Calculated: 29.5-29.75 inch circumference * 2.54 cm / in = 23.85-24.05 cm diameter => radius = 0.119-0.120 m => Area = 4 * pi * (0.119 m)^2 = 0.18 m^2
  25. ↑ Sacco, Joseph J.; Botten, Joanne; Macbeth, Fergus; Bagust, Adrian; Clark, Peter (2010). "The Average Body Surface Area of Adult Cancer Patients in the UK: A Multicentre Retrospective Study". PLoS ONE 5 (1): e8933. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.8933S. PMC 2812484. PMID 20126669. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008933. Retrieved 2011-09-27. 
  26. ↑ Notter, Robert H. (2000). Lung surfactants: basic science and clinical applications. New York, N.Y: Marcel Dekker. p. 120. ISBN 0-8247-0401-0. Retrieved 2011-09-27. 
  27. ↑ "Section 1.1". Official Volleyball Rules 2011-2012 (PDF). FIVB. 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-27. The playing court is a rectangle measuring 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone which is a minimum of 3 m wide on all sides. 
  28. ↑ "Median and Average Square Feet of Floor Area in New Single-Family Houses Completed by Location" (PDF). US Census Bureau. http://www.census.gov/const/C25Ann/sftotalmedavgsqft.pdf. Heintað 2011-09-26. 
  29. ↑ "Area of a Tennis Court". The Physics Factbook. http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2009/AmyHuang.shtml. Heintað 2011-09-27. 
  30. ↑ Calculated: 50 m * 25 m = 1250 m^2
  31. ↑ "General Tables of Units of Measurement". NIST. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 24 November 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111124224233/http://ts.nist.gov/WeightsAndMeasures/Publications/upload/h4402_appenc.pdf. Heintað 28 October 2011. ""4046.87"" 
  32. ↑ "What are the Dimensions of a Football Field". Dimensions Guide. http://www.dimensionsguide.com/what-are-the-dimensions-of-a-football-field/. Heintað 2011-10-27. 
  33. ↑ Calculated: 360 feet * 160 feet * (0.3048 m/ft)^2 = 5351 m^2 ~= 5400 m^2
  34. ↑ "How Big Is An Olympic Soccer Field?". LIVESTRONG.COM. http://www.livestrong.com/article/406257-how-big-is-an-olympic-soccer-field/. Heintað 4 January 2012. "For the Olympics, fields are supposed to measure exactly 105 meters long and 68 meters wide" 
  35. ↑ Calculated: 105 m * 68 m = 7140 m^2
  36. ↑ "General Tables of Units of Measuremen". NIST. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 24 November 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111124224233/http://ts.nist.gov/WeightsAndMeasures/Publications/upload/h4402_appenc.pdf. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  37. ↑ [1]
  38. ↑ Greenberg, Ralph. "THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA (Some Elegant Numerical Relationships)". http://www.math.washington.edu/~greenber/GizaPyramid.html. Heintað 4 January 2012. "average length of the four sides is 230.364 meters" 
  39. ↑ Calculated: 230.364 m^2 ~= 53068 m^2
  40. ↑ "Holy See (Vatican City)". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2020-12-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20201223203905/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vt.html. Heintað 2011-10-28. 
  41. ↑ "The Pentagon - George Bergstrom". Great Buildings Online. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/The_Pentagon.html. Heintað 28 October 2011. "Floor area of 6.5 million square feet, 34 acres, 13.8 hectares, of which 3.7 million square feet are used for offices." 
  42. ↑ "Monaco". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2020-05-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20200501044234/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mn.html. Heintað 2011-09-30. 
  43. ↑ Calculated: 1 mile * 1 mile * (1.61 km / mile)^2 = 2.59 km^2
  44. ↑ "Jurisdictions: London". The International Finance Centre Portal. http://www.internationalfinancecentres.com/jurisdictions/view/41. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  45. ↑ "New York -- Place and County Subdivision: Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density 2000". Census 2000 Summary File 1. US Census Bureau. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2011-01-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20110103055349/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=04000US36&-_box_head_nbr=GCT-PH1-R&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-mt_name=PEP_2006_EST_GCTT1_ST2&-format=ST-7S&-_sse=on. Heintað 2011-10-28. 
  46. ↑ "San Marino". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2020-05-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20200501044303/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sm.html. Heintað 2011-09-30. 
  47. ↑ "Paris" (PDF). INSEE. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 29 December 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20091229230237/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/DEP/75/COM/RS_COM75056.pdf. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  48. ↑ "Walt Disney World Resort". Disney By The Numb3rs. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 12 June 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150612090638/http://disneybythenumbers.com/wdw/wdw.html. Heintað 28 October 2011. "30,500 acres" 
  49. ↑ "Appendix II Statistics". Taipei Yearbook 2010. http://tcgwww.taipei.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=6499588&ctNode=45847&mp=100089. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  50. ↑ "Population and Dwelling Counts". 2001 Census. Statistics Canada. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 17 March 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20070317191603/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-P.cfm?PR=35&T=2&SR=1&S=3&O=D. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  51. ↑ "Hong Kong". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2009-05-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20090513083413/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  52. ↑ "California by Place: Los Angeles city". US Census. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 12 February 2020. https://archive.today/20200212034038/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?-geo_id=04000US06&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1_ST7&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U. Heintað 28 October 2011. "498.29 square miles" 
  53. ↑ "OVERVIEW OF TOKYO". Tokyo Metropolitan Government. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 8 November 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111108043249/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/PROFILE/overview02.htm. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  54. ↑ "Jamaica". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2018-12-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20181224150649/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/jm.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  55. ↑ "Lake Profile: Victoria". World Lakes. LakeNet. http://www.worldlakes.org/lakedetails.asp?lakeid=8361. Heintað 28 October 2011. 
  56. ↑ "Austria". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2009-06-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20090610113837/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/AU.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  57. ↑ "South Korea". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2020-05-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20200518191543/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ic.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  58. ↑ "Italy". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2017-07-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20170709111211/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/it.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  59. ↑ "Germany". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2017-07-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20170709111211/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/it.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  60. ↑ "Japan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2017-07-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20170709111211/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/it.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  61. ↑ "Spain". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2009-05-13. https://web.archive.org/web/20090513080105/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sp.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  62. ↑ "Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2016-08-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20160827033850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  63. ↑ "Egypt". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2018-12-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211210/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  64. ↑ "Australia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2016-05-15. https://web.archive.org/web/20160515201241/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook//geos/as.html. Heintað 2011-10-28. 
  65. ↑ "Canada". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2019-04-30. https://web.archive.org/web/20190430234227/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ca.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  66. ↑ "Antarctica". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2020-04-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20200412112451/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html. Heintað 2011-10-28. 
  67. ↑ "FAO Resources page". FAO.org. 2010. http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/ess-publications/ess-yearbook/ess-yearbook2010/yearbook2010-reources/en/. 
  68. ↑ "Russia". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2007-06-12. https://web.archive.org/web/20070612205939/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  69. ↑ "Map of Africa". Worldatlas.com. http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/af.htm. Heintað 4 January 2012. "30,065,000 sq km" 
  70. ↑ "Earth's Moon: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2015-06-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20150607073509/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Moon&Display=Facts. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  71. ↑ "The World Factbook: Atlantic Ocean". Central Intelligence Agency. 2011-03-24. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2020-12-19. https://web.archive.org/web/20201219195423/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/zh.html#Geo. Heintað 2011-09-30. 
  72. ↑ "Mars: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2015-04-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20150423150235/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&Display=Facts. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  73. ↑ 73.0 73.1 73.2 "The World Factbook: World". Central Intelligence Agency. 2011-08-31. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2010-01-05. https://web.archive.org/web/20100105171656/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html#Geo. Heintað 2011-09-27. 
  74. ↑ "The World Factbook: Pacific Ocean". Central Intelligence Agency. 2011-11-17. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2013-01-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20130101092426/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/zn.html#Geo. Heintað 2011-09-30. 
  75. ↑ "Neptune: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&Display=Facts. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  76. ↑ "Saturn: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Saturn&Display=Facts. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  77. ↑ "Jupiter: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jupiter&Display=Facts. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
  78. ↑ "Sun: Facts & Figures". Solar System Exploration. NASA. Talgilda eintakið, gjørt eftir tí talgilda frumeintakinum , varð goymt í skjalasavni á netinum tann 2011-07-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20110703081045/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Sun&Display=Facts. Heintað 2011-09-29. 
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